Application of Static Electricity in Commercial Rotary Printing

In the printing process, it is generated by friction or air ionization, and the static electricity involved in this article is generated by special equipment and plays an auxiliary processing role in the printing and post-printing processes.

Static electricity has two applications in the printing industry: one is the electrostatic ink absorber (ESA) used in the gravure printing of webs and the gravure printing of high-barrier films; the second is the static electricity humidification system and electrostatic compounding used in web offset printing. Systems and electrostatic devices that eliminate paper and cold roll gaps.

Gravure is the process of transferring traces of ink from gravure cells to the surface of the substrate. Due to the surface tension of the gravure printing ink, the capillary effect of the paper, the wall of the cell wall, the roughness of the paper surface, etc., it is difficult to transfer the ink and it is easy to form white spots. In order to solve such problems, ELTEX's electrostatic ink-absorption system can be used. The system is mainly composed of a high voltage generator, an electrostatic discharge rod, and two static elimination rods. The electrostatic ink-absorbing system adopts the principle of electrophoresis. A voltage of 27 kV is applied to the electrostatic discharge rod. The unidirectional direct current charges the surface of the impression cylinder through air ionization, forming an electrostatic interaction zone between the impression cylinder and the plate cylinder. The ink changes its surface morphology, so that a part of the ink rises above the surface of the plate cylinder, which is easy to contact with the substrate, improves the transfer rate of the ink, and avoids the loss of dots, thereby improving the printing quality of the product. There are solvents in the process of gravure printing of decorative materials, gravure printing of books and gravure, and gravure printing of cigarette packets. The use of a high-voltage electrostatic ink-absorption system is prone to sparks, and there are potential fire hazards. However, the structure of ELTEX's electrostatic ink-absorption system is reasonable, so that the current is reduced to μA level, the short-circuit current is 33μA, and there is no spark during use, which can ensure the safety of use.

With China's accession to the WTO, commercial printing will not only increase in quantity, but also people will have higher and higher requirements for printing quality. As a printing company with commercial rotary machines, it is necessary to improve the quality of its own printing products, but also to reduce production costs and increase production efficiency.

From the perspective of China's existing paper and ink, the use of thermosetting inks can increase printing efficiency while reducing costs. Due to equipment configuration problems, there are problems such as many papers in the printing process, the paper is easily broken, the water dispersion is not serious, the cooling efficiency is not high, and the equipment cannot be produced at a normal speed, which reduces the production efficiency. The electrostatic humidification system, the electrostatic composite system, and the gap eliminator for improving the cooling efficiency used in commercial rotary offset presses can increase the production efficiency of commercial rotary machines.

In commercial rotary printing, due to the use of thermosetting ink, the water content of the web is generally 4% to 5%. After offset printing, the paper absorbs ink and absorbs water, and the water content reaches 6.5%; due to the use of thermosetting inks It needs to be dried at a high temperature of 100-200°C. At this time, the moisture content of the paper has dropped below 1%. As the paper fibers lose more moisture and loose fibers, more paper dust will appear, the paper will lose hair, be easily broken, and the paper will break during folding. Due to the uneven moisture absorption of the ink on the paper, depressions will form at the binding band, and there will be folds or lengthy pages after the book is printed.

In order to avoid such problems, manufacturers in China that have commercial rotary presses often reduce the speed, but the production cost will increase. Foreign commercial rotary printing presses are generally equipped with electrostatic humidification systems and roller gap electrostatic devices that increase cooling efficiency. For example, Japan's oppan printing company's Komori commercial rotary press is equipped with ELTEX's LG50 electrostatic humidification system, and RRDonnelly's Heidelberg M-600 commercial rotary press is also equipped with ELTEX's electrostatic humidification system.

The electrostatic humidification system is mainly composed of a voltage generator, an electrostatic discharge stick, and a water mist sprayer. High-voltage electricity is generated by the voltage generator, and a high voltage of 3 kV is formed by the electrostatic discharge rod (electrostatic discharge rod placed on the guide roller and connected with the ground to form an electric field) to charge the surface of the paper. The water mist sprayed by the water mist spray device will be able to solve the problem of water loss under the action of the electrostatic field along the static state.

Clearance eliminators for improving cooling efficiency are generally available on the first chill roll. As the paper is just ejected from the high-temperature drying equipment, it is in contact with the cooling roll at a high surface temperature, which causes the air between the paper and the cooling roll to rise, lifts the paper, and prevents the paper from coming into contact with the cooling roll ( Paper and cooling roll angle decrease). The gap eliminator can cause static electricity on the surface of the paper, better contact with the cooling roller, increase the wrap angle of the paper and the cooling roller, improve the cooling efficiency of the first cooling roller, and increase the speed of the printing press, thereby reducing the cooling roller. Quantity, reduce printing costs.

There are two kinds of folding methods for commercial rotary printing presses: one is to fold the paper directly into a frame, and the other is to first separate and then fold and then fold into a frame. The second type of equipment requires an electrostatic clutch device. There are two electrostatic discharge sticks on the two sides of several paper strips, so that the paper is charged with static electricity. Due to the effect of static electricity, the paper is firmly “sucked” together. It can prevent the paper from sliding so that it can be folded correctly in the subsequent process.



Source: "Printing Technology"

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