2 test package
The test sample used in this test is a liquid material with radioactive material, and its packaging consists of four layers. The innermost one is filled with a dangerous glass bottle with a rubber stopper to contain the radioactive dangerous goods; then, a glass bottle wrapped with a plastic film is put into a lead can with a lead lid, and the lead cap is convex and concave with the lead tank joint portion. The structure is easy to close tightly, the glass bottle is placed in contact with the lead lid and the bottom of the tank with lcm thick sponge pieces; then the lead cans are packed in a metal bucket, and the bottom and inner pad of the metal bucket have 2em thick foam. The plastic, lead cans and the metal barrel cover are in contact with a 3mm thick sponge layer. The metal barrel cover is provided with a rubber gasket and is provided with a self-locking lock. The metal barrel is then placed in a polyethylene plastic bucket. A foam sponge is interposed between the barrel and the metal barrel, and the plastic barrel cover has internal threads and a rubber band so that the lid can be locked.
The diameter of the bottom of the plastic bucket is 119 mm, the diameter of the bucket lid is 142 mm, and the bucket height is 198 mm. The weight of the entire package is 3800g. Of course, the actual radioactive material cannot be put into the vial during the test, instead it is replaced by water.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the opening of the package after the test. With reference to this figure, the structure of the inner and outer packages of the test package and the packaging materials used can be better understood.
3 package test process and test results evaluation
3.1 Spray test The spray test is used to assess the ability of a dangerous product package to withstand the ingress of water and to test the ability of dangerous goods packaging to protect the contents. Usually, the dangerous goods package is sprayed with water at a certain temperature for a predetermined time and the amount of water sprayed, and then evaluated. The package was placed in a spray test chamber with 5 spray heads. The ambient temperature was 18°C, the volume of water was about 50 mm/h, and the test time was 1 h.
Thereafter, the container was opened for inspection, and no water infiltration into the container was found. And because the outer packaging is a plastic container, there is no impact on the strength after spraying, and it will not affect the strength test.
3.2 Stacking test:
The stacking test is to apply pressure to the package by the stacking weight or pressure tester on the top to assess the ability of the package or package to withstand the static load and the package's protection of the contents. After the test, the container should not show any deformation that may reduce its strength or cause stacking instability, and damage that will affect the safety of transportation.
Place the package between the two pressure plates of the pressure tester and apply a constant pressure of 245 N for 24 hours as required. After the test, it was found that the plastic bucket was slightly deformed but not damaged. Therefore, the package was considered to have passed the stacking test test.
3.3 Drop test The test specimen used in the drop test of dangerous goods packaging must be packaged with the contents and sealed. The contents can be replaced by similar non-hazardous substances in water, granular or powder form during the test. The drop height is usually 1.8, 1.2, 0.8m, and may be higher under special circumstances. For example, the height drop required for this test is 9m. During the test, the rope hanging from the upper part of the package is cut at a height of 9m to allow it to fall. On the hard concrete floor.
After the test, it was found that the bottom of the metal barrel was bent and deformed, the bottom of the lead tank became oblique, and the buffer material in the plastic barrel and the metal barrel was damaged. However, the glass bottle was kept intact and no liquid leakage occurred. Therefore, the package was considered to be qualified.
3.4 Puncture test The puncture test here is different from the pierce test of corrugated cardboard, but refers to the use of a 58.8 N weight, with a hemispherical iron rod at one end, respectively, from 1.7, 1. The height of the Om drops on the side and bottom of the plastic bucket. The hemispherical end serves as the test impact end and is in direct contact with the package to check the ability of the box to withstand the puncture.
After the side test with the new sample, the result shows that the plastic bucket and the metal bucket have more serious concave deformation, and the side of the lead tank has a slight impact point. From the bottom piercing test results, it can be seen that the bottom of the plastic barrel is penetrated, the bottom of the metal barrel is concavely deformed, the metal barrel cover is slightly convex and deformed, and the bottom of the lead tank has slight impact marks. No liquid leakage occurred in the glass bottle and the package was qualified after the puncture test.
4 Conclusion
The test results show that the designed package of dangerous goods passed all four required tests. The package meets the requirements for storage and transportation. The relevant inspection certificate can be issued and the storage can be started using a pre-designed method. It should be noted here that the actual application of the packaging must be the same as the sample used for the test, and the test result is valid for 2 years.
(Finish)
The test sample used in this test is a liquid material with radioactive material, and its packaging consists of four layers. The innermost one is filled with a dangerous glass bottle with a rubber stopper to contain the radioactive dangerous goods; then, a glass bottle wrapped with a plastic film is put into a lead can with a lead lid, and the lead cap is convex and concave with the lead tank joint portion. The structure is easy to close tightly, the glass bottle is placed in contact with the lead lid and the bottom of the tank with lcm thick sponge pieces; then the lead cans are packed in a metal bucket, and the bottom and inner pad of the metal bucket have 2em thick foam. The plastic, lead cans and the metal barrel cover are in contact with a 3mm thick sponge layer. The metal barrel cover is provided with a rubber gasket and is provided with a self-locking lock. The metal barrel is then placed in a polyethylene plastic bucket. A foam sponge is interposed between the barrel and the metal barrel, and the plastic barrel cover has internal threads and a rubber band so that the lid can be locked.
The diameter of the bottom of the plastic bucket is 119 mm, the diameter of the bucket lid is 142 mm, and the bucket height is 198 mm. The weight of the entire package is 3800g. Of course, the actual radioactive material cannot be put into the vial during the test, instead it is replaced by water.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the opening of the package after the test. With reference to this figure, the structure of the inner and outer packages of the test package and the packaging materials used can be better understood.
3 package test process and test results evaluation
3.1 Spray test The spray test is used to assess the ability of a dangerous product package to withstand the ingress of water and to test the ability of dangerous goods packaging to protect the contents. Usually, the dangerous goods package is sprayed with water at a certain temperature for a predetermined time and the amount of water sprayed, and then evaluated. The package was placed in a spray test chamber with 5 spray heads. The ambient temperature was 18°C, the volume of water was about 50 mm/h, and the test time was 1 h.
Thereafter, the container was opened for inspection, and no water infiltration into the container was found. And because the outer packaging is a plastic container, there is no impact on the strength after spraying, and it will not affect the strength test.
3.2 Stacking test:
The stacking test is to apply pressure to the package by the stacking weight or pressure tester on the top to assess the ability of the package or package to withstand the static load and the package's protection of the contents. After the test, the container should not show any deformation that may reduce its strength or cause stacking instability, and damage that will affect the safety of transportation.
Place the package between the two pressure plates of the pressure tester and apply a constant pressure of 245 N for 24 hours as required. After the test, it was found that the plastic bucket was slightly deformed but not damaged. Therefore, the package was considered to have passed the stacking test test.
3.3 Drop test The test specimen used in the drop test of dangerous goods packaging must be packaged with the contents and sealed. The contents can be replaced by similar non-hazardous substances in water, granular or powder form during the test. The drop height is usually 1.8, 1.2, 0.8m, and may be higher under special circumstances. For example, the height drop required for this test is 9m. During the test, the rope hanging from the upper part of the package is cut at a height of 9m to allow it to fall. On the hard concrete floor.
After the test, it was found that the bottom of the metal barrel was bent and deformed, the bottom of the lead tank became oblique, and the buffer material in the plastic barrel and the metal barrel was damaged. However, the glass bottle was kept intact and no liquid leakage occurred. Therefore, the package was considered to be qualified.
3.4 Puncture test The puncture test here is different from the pierce test of corrugated cardboard, but refers to the use of a 58.8 N weight, with a hemispherical iron rod at one end, respectively, from 1.7, 1. The height of the Om drops on the side and bottom of the plastic bucket. The hemispherical end serves as the test impact end and is in direct contact with the package to check the ability of the box to withstand the puncture.
After the side test with the new sample, the result shows that the plastic bucket and the metal bucket have more serious concave deformation, and the side of the lead tank has a slight impact point. From the bottom piercing test results, it can be seen that the bottom of the plastic barrel is penetrated, the bottom of the metal barrel is concavely deformed, the metal barrel cover is slightly convex and deformed, and the bottom of the lead tank has slight impact marks. No liquid leakage occurred in the glass bottle and the package was qualified after the puncture test.
4 Conclusion
The test results show that the designed package of dangerous goods passed all four required tests. The package meets the requirements for storage and transportation. The relevant inspection certificate can be issued and the storage can be started using a pre-designed method. It should be noted here that the actual application of the packaging must be the same as the sample used for the test, and the test result is valid for 2 years.
(Finish)
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