Recently, researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a new model for quantitatively predicting the response and change of a group of cells in response to a given environment or stimulus. The new research model can assign reliable numbers to the complex evolution of a series of cells, and provide more precise capabilities for efficient bio-industrial operations and stem cell-based therapies. Related research results were published in the international journal PNAS on October 30.
Cell behavior and fate are determined in part by DNA. The response of living cells to the internal and external environment, such as the concentration of special proteins inside or the chemical environment outside, is inherently probabilistic, and we cannot Predict the future state of any cell.
The researchers said that this inherent uncertainty will eventually lead to a result, especially during the use of stem cells, eventually a safety and utility event will occur, because it is difficult to obtain 100% complete differentiation of stem cells in the culture medium. status.
In this study, instead of using stem cells, the researchers used fibroblasts, a common cell model. The researchers used standard tracking techniques to modify the characteristics of the genes. The researchers incorporated small fragments encoding fluorescent molecules into the gene encoding the extracellular scaffold protein. The higher the expression level of the cell gene, the brighter the fluorescent molecule glows, and the brightness is used as the amount of gene expression. The researchers then used a microscope to monitor the cell culture medium and took pictures every 15 minutes for 40 hours to record fluctuations in cell behavior.
The researchers used software to analyze the obtained images. The time loss data from individual cells and the time-dependent data of the entire cell population were analyzed by statistical models. The results were described as a range of cellular effects using arithmetic methods, and also revealed how the cells behaved. Out of this reaction.
The research results provide the possibility of predicting the percentage of cells that change their characteristics. For the bio-industry, it is possible to better control the biological processes of cells. If applied to stem cells, this technique will be used to predict the rate of cell differentiation and the possibility of undifferentiated cells at a certain point in time.
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