The achievement of printing 3D mini livers was achieved by Organovo, a pioneer in the field of bioprinting in California. During the printing process, the 3D printer printed liver cells and vascular lining cells layer by layer, printing a total of about 20 layers. The lining cells of blood vessels are responsible for providing nutrients and oxygen to liver cells. Adding cells in the lining of blood vessels plays a very important role, allowing the 3D mini multi-cell liver to survive for 5 days or longer. In contrast, a 2D liver based on single-layer or double-layer cells can only survive for two days, and does not have many functions of the 3D mini liver.
Currently, Organovo is moving towards printing a transplantable liver that is about the size of a human liver. British "New Scientist" magazine website reported that the mini liver they printed can produce albumin, cholesterol and detoxification enzymes-cytochrome P450, metabolizing drugs in the liver. The mini liver combines liver parenchymal cells and stellate cell layers, and its structure and function are of great significance to medical research. The mini liver can be invaded by the disease, allowing researchers to observe the entire disease process, or it can be administered with drugs to understand the efficacy of the drugs.
The liver is an important organ of the human body, which is responsible for filtering blood, metabolizing and transporting drugs, and produces a series of proteins essential for maintaining the balance in the body. Many genetic diseases are related to the lack of protein normally produced by the liver. Scientists at the San Diego laboratory of Organovo will conduct further research to print a larger vascular network. The ultimate goal is to print a 3D printed liver that is about the size of a human liver. At this week's experimental biology conference in Boston, Organovo announced the mini liver they printed.
Organovo is a pioneer in the field of bioprinting. The so-called bioprinting aims to print living tissue that can simulate the shape and function of real human tissues. The 3D printer used by Organovo uses two print heads, one for printing organ-shaped brackets, the other for adding human cells, and finally printing out living tissue. The cells used in the printing of the mini liver come from liver tissue removed during surgery or a biopsy of the liver.
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