Summary
This paper describes a new sampling and measurement method that uses the surrogate measurements of carbon dioxide concentration and wind data recorded by unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to infer methane flux. The flux method described and tested here applies to the spatial scale of landfills and similar greenhouse gas emission hotspots, making it a low-cost and fast case study to quantify the current but undetermined (but very important) greenhouse gas flux. Important new method source. We provide a case study using these UAS-based measurements to obtain instantaneous methane flux from a test landfill in northern England, using a mass balance model tailored for UAS sampling, and combining CO 2 concentration emissions as a methane emission generation. Supplies. In two trials conducted on November 27, 2014 and March 5, 2015, methane flux (and flux uncertainty) were 0.140 kg s-1 (±61% at 1σ) and 0.050 kg, respectively. S-1 (±54% at 1σ). Environmental changes in background (inflow) concentration (> 40%) and wind speed (> 10%) dominate the uncertainty of the flow; the error rate caused by the instrument is only 1-2%. The described method represents an important advancement in the challenging problem of greenhouse gas hot spot flux calculations and provides reproducibility for a variety of similar environments. This new measurement solution can add a methodology to better validate a specific source of greenhouse gas emissions inventory – an important new requirement for the UNFCCC COP21 (Paris) climate change agreement.
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