According to the physicist organization network on August 29 (Beijing time), researchers from the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have recently developed a rapid nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) amplification technology that The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) speed is greatly accelerated, and the genome fragment can be amplified by 1 billion times in 3 minutes to quickly identify the pathogenic bacteria. Rapid diagnosis of diseases is expected to become a reality soon. Related papers were published in the recently published "Analyst" magazine.
PCR technology allows researchers to copy millions of copies of a piece of DNA or RNA, and then used for genome sequencing, genetic analysis, genetic disease diagnosis, paternity testing, court identification, to determine disease infection, etc. This process generally takes 1 hour to several days. However, rapid diagnosis, emergency response, or infectious disease monitoring often require PCR technology to be shortened to a few minutes.
The engineer who led the study, Reginald Beal, and colleagues overcame the limitations of enzyme kinetics and thermokinetics, and made a device using porous materials and insulating films to achieve extremely rapid thermal cycling, which can heat or Refrigerate at 45 ° C, with a thermal cycle not exceeding 2.5 seconds. Bill specifically pointed out: "The uniqueness of this device is that it cools as fast as it heats."
After developing this equipment, Bill and his colleagues selected two of the ten commercial enzymes. The chain reaction of these two enzymes is very fast, and a little adjustment of some parameters can make the reaction faster.
They tested the ability of a new PCR device to rapidly amplify DNA fragments with a bacterium of the genus Enterobacteriasis, and then demonstrated the effectiveness of the device in dealing with viruses that threaten public health with a piece of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) DNA fragments. The device completes 30 cycles (1 billion times) of PCR amplification of the target DNA in just 2 minutes and 18 seconds.
Currently, the research team is developing a real-time detection device. According to their vision, a PCR instrument can complete the entire test in the future, from the sample to the result in only 10 minutes. The market demand for such equipment will be huge. In addition to the traditional public health and medical research fields, a simple and practical real-time PCR device is very useful in the breeding, agriculture, and food processing industries, and can be used to ensure food safety.
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