Recently, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute of Computer Graphics (Fraunhofer IGD) have developed a streamlined 3D scanning system, CultLab3D, that can quickly and easily digitize 3D objects. Researchers hope to use this system to facilitate the large-scale digitization of artifacts in museums and other places.
Digital preservation is one of the most important ways to maintain our cultural history. Without it, many precious historical documents, artifacts and materials will have no way to protect them. Before we used 2D scanning to digitize historical documents on a large scale, a simple accident could erase a piece of history forever.
However, compared with the historical documents and materials in the form of planes, the digitization of cultural relics in pure form is even more troublesome. Simple photographing cannot satisfy the need for complete preservation. Now it is more common to use 3D scanning equipment. 3D scanning, modeling. However, the problem lies in the existing 3D scanning device, especially the high-precision 3D scanning device, which has a very slow scanning speed and low efficiency.
To this end, the world's leading computer vision application research institute Fraunhofer IGD has developed this high-speed 3D scanning system CultLab3D. Unlike our handheld or stationary 3D scanning equipment, the CultLab3D system is more like a pipeline, it uses a 6 The long conveyor belt accurately transmits the scanned object.
Any physical object, as long as its size is within 60 cm square and weighs no more than 50 kg, can be loaded with a conveyor belt and then moved forward through a large-scale imaging device with a concentric arc structure, from which it is aimed at each target. scanning. Nine cameras are mounted on one curved structure, while the other structure is responsible for projecting high quality annular bands. Finally, the system uses the captured 7000 images to generate a detailed 3D model. After the scanning object has finished the transfer process, the robot will also take a more detailed 3D scanner to fill the fill, filling in the details lost on the conveyor. The entire process takes only ten minutes, and the CultLab3D scanning system can complete a full 3D scan of a solid object with millimeter precision, which is significantly less expensive than traditional 3D scanning methods. Since it can be scanned on site, the cost can be reduced by up to 30%. The ten minute time of the entire scan includes full geometry and texture capture, as well as scale and color calibration.
What is particularly striking is that this virtual model is not only identical in appearance to its replicated object, but its surface absorbs and reflects light in the same way as the original. “Reflective quality refers to the optical properties of a material,†said Pedro Santos, head of the Digital Heritage Research Center at Fraunhofer IGD. "If you hold a mineral that is facing it, it may be red at some point on the surface, but if you move the light, it may turn blue again. This photo of the surface is obviously not enough, you Need to get data for every possible light reflection."
These 3D scan results can be archived and used by museums to apply them as needed, such as uploading their 3D models to a website to enable the public to remotely browse historical artifacts. High-quality 3D scanning can even produce fine reproductions of artifacts using 3D printing .
Researchers are now interested in providing the CultLab3D scanning system they developed to current digital service providers, museums, and other interested institutions. The prototype system has been successfully demonstrated at the Digital Heritage 2015 conference (September 28-October 2) in Granada. Commercialized products are expected to be launched in part or all next year. The Fraunhofer IGD is also planning to miniaturize the CultLab3D technology and install it on small flying robots, enabling high-quality 3D scanning of large objects and even historic buildings.
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