The data center serves as the hub of the enterprise's information center, and carries servers that are related to the core information of the enterprise. However, power supply is one of the basic elements of the data center. Power failure or low-quality power supply are a major factor that causes server downtime in the data center. How to design and intelligently manage the data center power system to ensure the continuous operation of data center servers and other hardware is a major problem facing many data center managers.
In addition, with the continuous expansion of the size of the data center, the data center is becoming a veritable energy-consuming household, and many companies have issued a lament that they can "afford, not afford". Today, electricity bills have become a considerable operating expense for data centers, and most companies are at a loss as they face almost astronomical electricity bills and constantly over budgeting. How to make the most effective energy management for the energy consumption of the data center, how to reduce the carbon footprint, and how to build a green data center?
Unforgettable days at Wikipedia CIO
The importance of the power supply and distribution system for the overall operation and maintenance of the data center can be described as a move. The CIO of Wikipedia must have a deep understanding. On July 5, 2010, according to foreign media reports, due to the power failure of the Florida data center, Wikipedia had a global downtime that day.
When users visit Wikipedia or other websites under Wikimedia, they will see a fault message: "Sorry! The site has a technical failure." The last large-scale downtime of Wikipedia occurred in March 2010. The overheating of the European data center forced Wikimedia to activate a backup server in Florida, USA. Unfortunately, the conversion process resulted in DNS resolution errors, making all Wikimedia websites inaccessible.
For the power supply and distribution design of the data center, Cheng Yingjun, manager of Siemens IT Solutions and Services Group ’s Data Center Solutions Department, suggested that first of all, the overall situation of the various applications of the entire data center must be clearly understood before addressing these issues. Propose an overall solution. Only in this way can we achieve the overall goal of improving data center efficiency, reducing power consumption, and reducing floor space.
For the power supply and distribution system, when the external power supply is satisfied, the design of the data center must meet the needs of various applications in the data center within a predetermined life cycle, and can be changed as needed.
In terms of power supply and distribution system, a sustainable and good computer power supply and distribution system is a prerequisite for the safe operation of computer equipment, site equipment and auxiliary power equipment. In order to ensure the power supply quality of computer equipment, the computer room site requires an independent power distribution system, a dual source mutual investment system, and a UPS to form a power supply system. For many large-scale servers and other equipment, to achieve the first-level load standard, reliable grounding is also required. Through battery configuration, the reliability of the UPS system is optimized. In the case of external power loss, the energy-saving and environmentally friendly generator adopts automatic or manual start function, and continues to provide a continuous and stable power supply to the load through the power supply line to improve data. High availability of central power supply system.
As for the data center power supply and distribution system, Siemens Beijing Data Center has many lessons to learn from. As the largest data center of Siemens in Asia, the first phase covers an area of ​​more than 490 square meters, has 100 cabinets and 630 servers, and can provide All IT and voice services. This first-class facility data center is Siemens' regional strategic IT hub and can provide IT outsourcing services to internal and external customers in China and throughout Asia. Here, the data center, communication center and power supply center are under the same roof.
The power distribution form of Siemens data center cabinets uses bus-to-rack distribution, flexible distribution, easy to disassemble and expand. Unlike traditional column head cabinets, it is very difficult to expand and change the cabinet in the future. It is difficult to adjust and use new power distribution The busbar is more conducive to providing different supply needs in the future. The specific advantages are as follows:
Busbars to the cabinet can increase the flexibility and scalability of the distribution of power distribution in the cabinet: the same busbar can be flexibly assigned according to the different load of different cabinets (that is, similar to the way of network bandwidth sharing, power load sharing); if need to expand, adjust Phase (when the three-phase is unbalanced), only need to adjust the corresponding plug-in box accordingly, without any adjustment to the line;
It can also improve reliability and safety:
Busbar advantages: easy tapping, strong overload capacity, can prevent overload and fire, good heat dissipation performance, waterproof design, easy maintenance (maintenance-free design)
The busway is a dense system, which is a typical sandwich structure inside, and is a flexible and reliable power distribution system. The busway is a dense system, with reasonable design, superior performance, stable and reliable, high distribution efficiency, and heat dissipation. Good, low voltage, resistance to mechanical shock and easy installation;
The dense busbar shell is made of high-quality aluminum-magnesium alloy. At the same time, the shell can be used as a 100% grounding conductor. At the same time, it is designed with a double N-row system, so it can well meet the requirements of 200% neutral in the computer room project.
The raw materials of the products are imported from abroad, and the copper bars are tin-plated or tin-plated, which not only reduces the contact resistance, but also increases the busbar's current carrying capacity.
Conforms to relevant standards, IEC 439-2 "Low-voltage switchgear and control equipment", GB 7251 "Low-voltage switchgear", JB / T 8511-1996 "Air-insulated busbar trunking system (busway)"
Where are the high electricity bills?
As the saying goes, there is no standard without measurement.
Faced with the increasingly complex data center design architecture, numerous information processing requirements and strict power security environment, do you really understand your data center? Facing the monthly high electricity bill, do you know the power consumption Where are the big households? How can we manage electricity in the data center intelligently and effectively?
Data center energy efficiency indicator-This indicator will assess how much of the energy used in a data is used for production and how much is wasted. Among them, the power utilization efficiency of green grid organization PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) has a greater impact, PUE = (total power consumption of data center) / (total power consumption of IT equipment). The physical meaning of the power utilization rate of the data center is that in the total input power of the user, how much power is actually fed to the IT equipment. The larger the PUE value of the data center computer room, the power and environmental protection infrastructure composed of UPS power supply system, air conditioning system, input / output power supply and distribution system, and lighting system, etc., which are used to ensure the safe operation of IT equipment The greater the power consumption consumed, the smaller the PUE value, the better the energy saving of the equipment room. At present, the PUE of most domestic data centers is about 3, the average PUE of some European and American countries is about 2, and the PUE value of Siemens Beijing data center is about 1.7, and through continuous optimization, it may be lowered.
Han Jianjun, senior system engineer of Siemens IT Solutions and Service Group, told reporters from China Information Network that active power management should be used in data center power management, which can ensure that the data center has efficient power supply and uses natural cooling, zone cooling, etc. to achieve cooling . It covers energy management, optimized rack layout, ideal server cabinet layout and environmental control throughout the data center.
The distribution circuit breakers in Siemens data center have their unique monitoring functions. The circuit breakers at all levels have monitoring functions, which can realize the centralized monitoring of the entire power system. Any abnormality in the working status of the circuit breaker can be reflected in the monitoring system in time for maintenance and management personnel. Accurately and quickly find and solve problems; real-time measurement and calculation of one of the core indicators of the data center: PUE value; combined with the database support of the power environment monitoring system, can perform historical data analysis including PUE value.
Siemens Beijing data center, each unit can realize real-time monitoring, as small as each memory stick, as large as the humidity and temperature of the entire data center environment, including each battery of the UPS must be monitored, so that these components can be monitored The real-time working status is well-known. For example, batteries are consumables in a sense, and the handling of batteries is a headache. If you can extend the life of the battery, it means doing environmental protection in terms of green energy saving. How did Siemens do it? Han Jianjun told reporters from China Information Network: "We discharge the battery every quarter, because only the discharge process will extend the battery life. It is possible to achieve this function. To a large extent, it depends on refined and monitorable management. "
In short, the power supply and distribution system of the data center is a key part of the normal and reliable operation of the entire data center. The unsteady power supply and distribution system is related to the normal operation of the company's key business. Under the premise, it is also necessary to focus on all parts of energy consumption, check every level, and strictly prevent exceeding the standard.
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