Skiing technical terms

There are many terms involved in the research, study, and practice of ski technology. The main terms are summarized as follows. They must be carefully understood according to the practice of skiing.

Gravity: The weight of a skier can be roughly understood as gravity. The conversion of gravity weight ratio between two snowboards (referred to as gravity conversion) can also be understood as the conversion of weight.

Center of gravity: refers to the role of the body's total gravity. Its direction is toward the center of the earth. When the body is standing still, the position of the center of gravity is generally 7 cm in front of the third sacral vertebra. The center of gravity of the female is slightly lower than that of the male. If the human body is understood to be a vertical object with left, right, front, and back symmetry, the center of gravity must be on the center line of the symmetrical section of the left, right, and back.

The center of gravity is in skiing, sometimes in the body, sometimes in vitro.

The movement direction of the center of gravity in the ski movement is multidimensional, ie, the synthesis of front, rear, left, right, and up and down movements.

Center of gravity exchange: Generally refers to the change of weight on the left and right sides during skiing.

Center of gravity projection: Generally refers to the point where the center of gravity connects with the center of the earth through the snow.

Load or load: Generally refers to the snowboard (or weight-bearing leg, weight-bearing foot) that bears the main weight.

Force (Pressure): Generally refers to the pressure exerted by gravity or the combined force of gravity and intramuscular force on the snowboard (legs, feet).

Supporting area: generally refers to the position of the snowboard on the snow surface and the imaginary stable area formed by the board type and the board position (sometimes considering the support of the ski poles).

Roll-off line: A complete line of a ball rolling from the top of the mountain to the downhill and down the hill without changing the running direction. The roll-off line is perpendicular to the map contour line (drop line).

Downhill: From the hillside to the hillside, it slides straight down the rolling line.

Turning: Refers to gliding back and forth from the hillside to the downhill slope. It is called swing in competitive skiing.

Downhill or mountain climbing: Refers to wearing a snowboard to move above the hillside.

Plate type: refers to the form of two snowboards formed on the snow or space. The plate type of alpine skiing mainly includes two-plate parallel plate type, plow-type plate type, and scissors type plate type.

Double plate parallel plate type (parallel plate type): The two skis are in a parallel form, and sometimes the glide plane is flat on the snow surface; sometimes one edge of the double snow plate is cut into or carved on the snow surface in parallel.

Plowboard type: The double snowboard is in the form of narrow front and wide front, while the double snowboard usually stands up inside. Plowboard type also includes semi-plough plate type.

Scissor plate type: The double snowboard is in the form of front width and narrowness. One snow board must leave the snow surface and be in the space. Two skis cannot slide on the snow at the same time.

Position: Refers to the position of two skis in the snow or space.

Snowboard trace: refers to the gliding traces left on the snowboard during the skis' running.

Ski pole trace: refers to the round trace left by ski poles on the snow surface.

Turning arc: refers to the trace of the snowboard sliding on the snow during the turning process, which is generally a half-moon arc. Turning arcs is one of the traces of snowboarding.

Turning arc: refers to the center curve of turning arc. The convex side is called the outside, and the concave side is called the inside.

Turn radius: refers to the connection between the point of the turning arc and the inner imaginary circle center. The turning radius of the turn is generally between 11-16 meters.

Turn arc (swirling arc): Determined by the turning radius. The larger the turning radius, the greater the turning arc; the smaller the turning radius, the smaller the turning arc.

Turning elements: the main factors in the transition, mainly referring to gravity (body weight), blade, plate type, etc.

Outside board (legs, feet): refers to the skis (legs, feet) on the outside of the turning arc.

Inside board (legs, feet): refers to the skis (legs, feet) inside the turning arc.

Yamashita (leg): Snowboard (leg) on ​​the lower side of the slope. Generally outside the snowboard (leg).

Hill plate (leg): Snowboard (leg) on ​​the side of the hillside. It is usually a snowboard (leg).

Active board: The ski that plays a dominant role during the ski turn, that is, the heavy snowboard, usually the outer snow board or the mountain board.

Driven plate: The ski that can't play a leading role in the ski turning process, that is, the snowboard that is small or not heavy-loaded, usually the inner snow board or the hill board.

Snowboard edge: refers to the metal edge on both sides of the ski underside.

Snowboard inside and outside edge: In the basic position of the ski, the left and right sides of the skis have their inner edge. There are also two outer blades.

Vertical blade: refers to the bottom of the ski in the ski formation and the snow surface to form a certain angle. The vertical blade is mainly embodied in the inner edge of the active plate.

Variable blade: Refers to the transformation between the inner edge and the outer edge of a snowboard and the load-bearing transition between the two inner edges of two snowboards in a turn.

Cut into the snow: Multi-fingered snow blades actually slide into the snow. Mainly reflected in the inner edge of the active board.

Engrave the snow surface: generally refers to the snow plate edge stands calmly in the snow.

Vertical blade angle (enveloped snow angle): The angle formed by the snowboard and the snow surface when the edge is formed.

Snowboard angle of attack: The angle formed by the skis and the original taxiing direction. The angle of attack is proportional to the resistance.

Off-slip (side-off): Refers to the phenomenon of "landslide" on the back side of the hillside snowboard when the vertical edge of the snowboard bears heavy weight during ski turning.

Snow: specifically refers to the surface of the snow layer that can be skied.

Snow Resistance (Snow Resistance): Refers to the stopping power of snow during snow skiing.

Dumping: In turn taxiing, due to factors such as standing edge, body shape, and centrifugal force, the body-related part must tilt toward the inside of the turn and exceed two skis in order to maintain balance. This state is called dumping.

Anti-bow type: In the process of ski turning, due to the standing edge of the snowboard and maintaining the balance, the knees and ankles are tilted to the inside of the turn, and the body posture formed by the reverse tilting and twisting of the upper body is called anti-bow type. . In the usual small turns, the anti-bow type mainly appears in the knees and ankles. In rapid turns, the anti-bow can appear in the ankle or knee joint.

Extension: In the instant of the transition between the two adjacent turns, the feet (single leg) step on the skis, mainly through the extension of the knee (rather than the upper body), lifting the body's center of gravity upwards and forwards, so that the skis momentarily "lose weight." It is easy to change the exchange of snowboard direction and gravity. This action process is called extension.

Leaning forward: The "knee top top", "upper body tilts slightly forward" in the basic skiing posture, and the forceful action of the two feet are called forward leaning. The forward movement ensures that the center of gravity does not lag behind.

Recumbent: Refers to the hips sitting behind and causing the center of gravity to fall behind. "Backstabbing" is contrary to leaning forward and is a wrong action.

Snow temperature: The temperature measured below the snow surface is different from the temperature. The temperature is greatly affected by weather conditions, and the snow temperature is relatively stable. Measuring snow temperature is the main basis for judging snow changes and waxing skis.

Snowboard Deflection (Tension, Stress): Refers to the deformation of the snowboard after the load (force) before and after the upper jaw, the middle of the next song. This deformation produces a kind of rebound force.

Snowboard projection: The shape of the snowboard is roughly on the snow surface.

Flag door: A sign that defines a specific ski route that is inserted on a piste. The flag of the competition rotary project consists of two poles. The gates of the Grand Swift, Super-big Swing and Downhill are composed of four rods, two on the left and right sides. There is a banner between the two poles, the flagpole and the flag surface. Red and blue.