According to a recent report by the MIT Technology Review magazine, traditional solar cells are stiff, bulky and inefficient, becoming their popular "blocker". Now, American scientists use only a thin layer of plastic to concentrate sunlight on a solar cell made of gallium arsenide, which doubles the energy efficiency of the solar cell. This method not only reduces the use cost of solar cells, but the obtained flexible solar cells can also show their talents in many fields.
Scientists have previously demonstrated that the above method can be used on a single solar cell, but they plan to make larger plastic sheets, dotted with multiple tiny solar cell arrays. When sunlight shines on a plastic sheet, it is absorbed by a dye on the sheet that specifically captures sunlight. Since this is a luminescent dye, it will release the absorbed light, but most of the released light is confined inside the plastic sheet, so these sunlight will bounce around inside the plastic until it reaches the inside of the solar cell . In view of the fact that this dye can only absorb part of the sunlight, in order to improve energy output, scientists have added a reflective material to the plastic sheet, which can introduce sunlight that the dye cannot absorb into the solar cell.
The leader of the study, Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Rogers said: "The latest method can either allow smaller solar panels to provide more electricity, or it can make solar panels cheaper by reducing the amount of photovoltaic materials needed. At present, we must completely apply the activity on the surface Solar cells can achieve the same efficiency, and the cost of the new method is lower than this. "
The research team has previously developed an innovative method that can make flexible and malleable solar cells that can adapt to irregular surfaces. The latest research method is compatible with this technology. The combination of these two methods to obtain low-cost and high-efficiency flexible solar cells is expected to find new uses. For example, it can be used to provide power to soldiers ’armor; flexible batteries can also be installed on the wings of small drones to charge onboard batteries to increase their flight time; this technology can even be used to power tablets and other Portable electronic device charging.
The ability of the new type of dye and plastic film to gather sunlight has only increased by 10 times, while the Semprius company founded by the Rogers team has used another method to increase the ability to gather sunlight by 100 times. But the latter requires a very large concentrator and a tracking system to keep the battery facing the sun. This system may provide low-cost solar power for the grid, but it is not practical for solar helmets or laptop computers. In contrast, dye-coated plastics are thin and lightweight, and can absorb sunlight from different angles, eliminating the need for a tracking system.
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