The construction and development of the comprehensive practice bases for primary and secondary schools in Nanjing is carried out around the “Guidelines for the Practice of Model Comprehensive Practice Bases (Trial)†issued by the national education authorities. In the course of operation, the practical activities are presented through the specific contents of the four themes of “survival experienceâ€, “quality developmentâ€, “scientific practice†and “special educationâ€, which provides guarantee for the cultivation and improvement of the comprehensive quality of the primary and middle school students. At present, the group of Nanjing Comprehensive Practice Base consists of two different institutions, public and private. There are 10 (6 public and 4 private) comprehensive practice bases, which become an important place to serve the comprehensive practical activities of primary and middle school students in Nanjing and surrounding areas. At the same time, it also provides high-quality resources for the skills development and training of other industry and department personnel, and realizes the comprehensive utility of the service society.
Strengthen the research, combing and exploration of the presentation mode and curriculum opening of the comprehensive practice bases of primary and secondary schools. The purpose is to organize and compile the curriculum and equipment construction norms suitable for the construction of the comprehensive practice bases for primary and secondary schools in Nanjing, and improve the management system construction and Assessment and evaluation system. Form a relatively complete and leading construction advice, and serve the construction and development of the city's primary and secondary school comprehensive practice base.
First, preliminary research and combing
The current practice base presents two modes:
First, the comprehensive practice base model. This is the main mode, with the goal of opening different courses for comprehensive practical activities. It is reflected in more than 160 courses in the four modules of survival experience, quality development, scientific practice and special education. The curriculum design is carried out at three different levels: (1) courses that reflect the country's comprehensive practical content; (2) courses that embody local cultural characteristics and heritage; and (3) courses that reflect technological innovation and project development.
Second, the curriculum model with the school-based curriculum as the main activity content. While serving the students in the school to carry out scientific inquiry and knowledge development, they will interact with the resources in the region to form a shared resource platform and serve the comprehensive practical curriculum modules of science and technology and inquiry activities carried out by surrounding schools.
The establishment and practice of the above comprehensive practical activity curriculum reflects the recognition of the position and environment of the practice base and the school in the service of students' practical activities. At the same time, it is also the specific embodiment and actual operation of the current comprehensive practice course in Nanjing.
In order to ensure the effectiveness of the construction of the practice bases in primary and secondary schools, the opening of the curriculum and the level of the teaching staff are the key, and the research of the curriculum projects is closely related to the ability of the teaching staff. In terms of curriculum construction, it should be based on the curriculum of each practice base and the construction of the teaching staff. In layman's terms, it is to ensure the teaching team's ability and level of teaching while selecting a good course. To reflect the teaching objectives of the curriculum, we must realize the cultivation of comprehensive practical ability, and at the same time realize the correct outlook on life and the development of values.
Focusing on the realization of the above objectives and contents, in the course of the comprehensive practice base curriculum construction, the responsible persons and teams of the various comprehensive practice bases learn and learn from the advanced experience of the brothers and the professionals through the way of “please come in and go outâ€. Theoretical guidance, exploring and innovating on the basis of organizational learning and understanding of the national comprehensive practical curriculum standards, such as national defense, civil defense and civil defense courses in the curriculum system, science and technology, robotics and other courses, sunshine sports and team development courses, A large number of innovative research and research and development have been done on local special project courses, school-based and technological innovation courses. Based on the completion of the national curriculum standards, the content of innovative projects that meet the requirements of the curriculum is continuously introduced and updated. Such as: the earthquake experience museum project of the Drum Tower Comprehensive Practice Base, the artillery shooting, the water five ring bridge project; the Sunshine Sports Camp Project of Jiangning, the Science and Technology Exploration Hall; the military experience and on-site rescue of the October Military Academy and Dajin Mountain; Yuhua Stone, Jasmine Garden; the establishment and research and development of Yuhuatai District Science and Technology Digital Exploration; Pukou Base, Jinnonghui, Lishui Base, etc. in the exploration of modern agriculture and technology applications...etc. All of these have enhanced and enriched the quality and connotation of the comprehensive practical curriculum in the region.
Second, innovative exploration
In order to carry out the curriculum teaching and activities more scientifically and reasonably, and to achieve the goal of teaching and activities better, it is necessary to carry out scientific design and planning, and form a set of comprehensive practical curriculum construction plans. The following sets forth specific requirements for the basic norms required for the construction of technical equipment and practice sites required by the curriculum, and proposes requirements for innovation and normative construction in terms of the formulation of the curriculum construction, the expansion of content and form, and the standards of site equipment, so as to form a relatively uniform, Standardized construction and management structure, and through: "Building, Management, Practice, Evaluation" four-in-one model to help the innovation and development of Nanjing's comprehensive practice activities.
(1) Institutional construction
Established a working committee for the construction of the Nanjing Comprehensive Practice Base. Under the leadership and support of the municipal education department, the Nanjing Education Equipment and Work-study Office, with the care and assistance of relevant departments of all walks of life, combines specific work ideas and work on the basis of comprehensive study of relevant policies, regulations and documents. Arrangement, plan to set up the "Nanjing Comprehensive Practice Base Construction Working Committee", and through the relevant working mechanism, lead, guide and coordinate the construction of the comprehensive practice base of primary and secondary schools.
In the specific work, the municipal equipment department will take the lead, organize the heads of the comprehensive practice bases, professionals to set up the equipment management project research group and participate in the curriculum construction of the working committee, conduct research and construction guidance, management and evaluation of the city's comprehensive practice base. Assessment work. For example, in conjunction with the development and implementation of the “Shu Xiang Planâ€, the promotion of the curriculum opening and innovation work of the comprehensive practice bases in primary and secondary schools will be promoted.
(2) Construction of the teaching staff
The construction of the teaching and management team of the comprehensive practice base is reflected in Jinggang Aiye and Yigong, which fully demonstrates the specific work attitude and style of this teacher and management team. The knowledge base courses that each teacher and management staff face involve a vast amount of knowledge, a vast system of different knowledge systems and professions. It is thus felt that the teachers and management teams in the practice base reflect three aspects:
1, Jinggang love industry. The lack of personnel and age in the base faculty is the commonality of each practice base. However, every teacher and manager still adheres to this enthusiasm under the conditions of long distance, inconvenient transportation and weak treatment, and in this position, he is striving to do this business well.
2, one special and many can. There are many base courses and the system of professional courses is different. The span of knowledge field is large and difficult, especially the shortage of teachers and manpower. The requirements for teachers of various bases are higher. One person is multi-disciplinary, multi-disciplinary teaching and management. It has become the housekeeping skill of the teachers at the practice base.
3. Innovative and enterprising. The continuous updating of the curriculum requirements also encourages the continually self-learning and promotion of the faculty. Each practice base explores and innovates on the basis of drawing on the experience and characteristics of others, and continuously introduces their own innovative courses and special courses to develop and enhance the connotation of the base and enrich the practice. The activity content of the base.
(3) Curriculum development and construction
The core of the construction of the comprehensive practice base is the setting and implementation of the curriculum, which determines the quality and vitality of the practice base. The scientific and rationality of the curriculum ensures the quality completion of the comprehensive practical activities of primary and secondary school students in the region as well as the cultivation of comprehensive quality and ability.
With the emphasis and strengthening of the state's comprehensive practice projects in primary and secondary schools, the content of traditional practice courses can no longer meet the requirements of practice and activities under the new situation. Combining the curriculum with the connotation of contemporary science and technology, culture and comprehensive literacy, strengthening the research of practical courses and excavating the curriculum connotation has become a new impetus to improve the activities of the practice base. Through the establishment of the new institution (Nanjing Comprehensive Practice Base Construction Working Committee) and the determination of work objectives, we have carried out research and development in the curriculum construction from the following two aspects, forming the foundation of the comprehensive practical curriculum of primary and secondary schools in Nanjing.
1. Sort out the existing courses of each practice base, and combine the similar courses to sort out the 160 categories of the four major categories in the national curriculum standards, and formulate the content and implementation details of the courses according to the national curriculum requirements.
2. Based on the region, form the curriculum resources of the regional networked practice base, and explore the school-based model of the combination of school science and technology innovation and curriculum.
(IV) Standards and research on curriculum equipment construction
The material in the three elements of teaching--scientific and rational technical equipment, as the guarantee for the establishment of the practice base course, its importance is more prominent in the comprehensive practical curriculum. For a long time, the bases have equipped and purchased some technical equipment that meets the requirements of the course according to the basis of their respective courses, but have not met the technical standards for uniform standards. This has resulted in the arbitrariness and blindness of technical equipment construction during the opening of some courses. These not only have an impact on the quality of the course opening, but also bring certain hidden dangers to the safety. At the same time, it also adversely affects the management of the budget and the daily management of the base during the overall planning process of the practice base.
Focusing on the investigation and thinking on the above issues, combined with the spirit of the document of the National "Model Comprehensive Practice Base Practice Activities Guide (Trial)", Nanjing Education Equipment and Work-study Management Department will summarize and sort out the curriculum construction of each base. Develop the compilation and compilation of guidance on the construction of technical equipment for the course. Specifically, it discusses and studies from four aspects: “construction goalâ€, “construction principleâ€, “course system requirement†and “construction normâ€.
(5) Curriculum equipment management norms and research
The construction of the comprehensive practice base equipment provides a strong guarantee for the development of practical curriculum activities, and is also an important part of the curriculum, and is the general carrier of comprehensive practical activities. Therefore, the post-construction technical equipment management and application work has become one of the important tasks of the practice base. Further improving management, use systems and standardizing operational requirements have also become an important part of the practice base construction.
According to the equipment construction norms, the management of various types of projects (fixed assets, custody, use management), professional training and other related systems were introduced, and network management was finally realized. Make the invested technical equipment play a better role in meeting the curriculum application. It is embodied in the following four types of system construction:
1. Management system (such as: fixed asset management system; asset retirement system, etc.);
2, the use of the system (such as: the use and operation of equipment in each special room; equipment borrowing system, etc.);
3. Safety system (such as: canteen, health and safety management system; campus security management system, etc.);
4. Maintenance system (such as: daily maintenance and repair system of equipment, etc.).
(VI) Assessment and evaluation of the practice base construction
The external framework of the demonstration comprehensive practice base is composed of reasonable curriculum design and advanced technical equipment. The development of connotation is embodied in advanced management concepts and scientific evaluation systems, which together form a complete set of theory and practice, verification and evaluation. The program has formed a soil for realizing the benign development of the comprehensive practice base and cultivating students' comprehensive ability and quality. Through the establishment of the assessment and evaluation system, the standardization of the construction of comprehensive practice bases, the richness and scientific nature of the curriculum content, and the cradle of training composite and innovative talents. Specifically, the following aspects are discussed:
1. Organization and institution building (leadership team and career planning and construction).
2. Organization and implementation of practical activities (curriculum and faculty).
3. Practice base planning construction and curriculum equipment construction (corresponding to the construction of the curriculum, equipment and outdoor venue facilities, etc.).
4. Management and guarantee of practical activities (system construction and faculty business training, logistics support, etc.).
5. Students follow and evaluate the curriculum practice and participate in the feedback of the school's evaluation of the practice base course.
The process of construction, management, assessment and evaluation of the comprehensive practice base is a direct carrier reflecting the development of students' comprehensive practical activities and reflecting the quality of service; it is also an important position in cultivating students' comprehensive practical ability, innovative ability and promoting the healthy development of students' physical and mental health. The standardization of construction and the rationalization of the curriculum of the comprehensive practice base mark the standardization and scientific nature of the comprehensive practice base and curriculum construction. At the same time, the normalized management system and comprehensive evaluation and evaluation system of the comprehensive practice base have also become the driving force for the managers of the practice base to continuously learn, innovate and improve the exploration of courses and equipment, and improve the inexhaustible combination of theory and practice. Motivation to jointly promote the better development of Nanjing Comprehensive Practice Base. (Wen|Wang Fengjun Nanjing Education Equipment and Work-study Office)
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